1650-1679 A.D. The Great Fire of London & St. Peter's Square
Intro
Body
Photo
Music
1652
The first coffee house is set up in London in St. Michael’s Alley, off Cornhill (LTB 314) Hohenzollern Castle, in the Swabian Alps of Germany, is fully built and habitable, and is under Habsburg control
1653
Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (no monarchy) on December 16 – Alexis I is on the Russian throne
Sir Thomas Staples dies (Great, great, great, grandfather to C.S. Lewis)
Hohenzollern Castle, in the Swabian Alps of Germany, is fully built and habitable, and is under Habsburg control
1654
Oliver Cromwell is Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (no monarchy) – Alexis I is on the Russian throne
A second coffee house is set up in London, close by the first one (see 1652) in St. Michael’s Churchyard
Hohenzollern Castle, in the Swabian Alps of Germany, is fully built and habitable, and is under Habsburg control
1655
Oliver Cromwell is Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (no monarchy) – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Alexander VII becomes the 237th pope –
Hohenzollern Castle, in the Swabian Alps of Germany, is fully built and habitable, and is under Habsburg control
1656
Oliver Cromwell is Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (no monarchy) – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Alexander VII is the 237th pope
Gian Lorenzo Bernini is commissioned by Pope Alexander VII to build St. Peters Square outside St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome (now part of the Vatican buildings)
Hohenzollern Castle, in the Swabian Alps of Germany, is fully built and habitable, and is under Habsburg control
1657
Oliver Cromwell is Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (no monarchy) – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Alexander VII is the 237th pope
William Harvey, an English physician (he discovered that the blood pumping from the heart circulates back to the heart) dies in London on June 3
The third recorded coffee house in London, the Rainbow, located in Fleet Street by the gate of the Inner Temple, is prosecuted for being “’a great nuisance and prejudice to the neighborhood’ but the principle complaint was of ‘evil smells’ as well as the danger of fire” (LTB 314)
Hohenzollern Castle, in the Swabian Alps of Germany, is fully built and habitable, and is under Habsburg control
1658
Oliver Cromwell is Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (no monarchy) – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I ascends the throne as Holy Roman Emperor (reigns until 1705) (the Roman Emperor is also King of Germany, and from 1440 to 1740, the Holy Roman Emperors were Habsburgs of Germany, also included in the empire at this time is Italy, Bohemia [Czechoslovakia], Hungary, Austria, Switzerland, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium and Croatia) – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
June 3, A whale is seen in the Thames river in London (LTA)
1660
Charles II ascends to the throne of England when the monarchy is restored in England when King Charles II arrives in London on May 29 - Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
1661
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
1662
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
1663
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
A full survey of Holyrood House is carried out by the Charles II’s Master Mason, John Mylne (in 1670 funds were voted for the repair of the house)
1664
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – LeopoldI is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
The Great Plague (bubonic) comes to London late in the year from the Parish of Saint Giles, carried by rats
1665
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope – Louis XIV the Great is on the French throne
The Great Plague runs ramped through London
1666
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor – Alexander VII is the 237th pope
September 2, The Great Fire of London breaks out at 2 a.m. out of the house of the king’s baker in Pudding Lane
1667
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
The Dutch fleet sail up the Thames to invade, but the invasion is a debacle and the English Royal Navy is formed
November 30, The author Jonathan Swift is born in Dublin, Ireland
1668
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
The Sheldonian Theatre, the site of Oxford University degree ceremonies, is completed to a design by Sir Christopher Wren (Photo: The Sheldonian Theatre in the year 2019, Credit: Wikimedia Commons)
1669
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
The painter Rembrandt dies in Amsterdam
1670
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
Funds are voted for the repair of Holyrood House in Scotland
1671
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
The foundation inscription is inscribed in the Quadrangle of Holyrood House in Scotland, in abbreviation it reads: “Founded by Robert Mylne, Master Mason, 1671,” the work of the renovation is overseen and directed by the Secretary of State for Scotland, John Maitland, Earl of Lauderdale (created 1st Duke of Lauderdale in 1672)
1672
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
1673
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
1674
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
1675
Charles II is on the English throne – Alexis I is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
Wren begins to rebuild St. Paul’s Cathedral
The future Queen Anne (r. 1702 – 1714), now aged 10 years old meets her best friend Sarah Jennings, 16 years old
1676
Charles II is on the English throne – Feodor III ascends to the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
1677
Charles II is on the English throne – Feodor III is on the Russian throne– Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
1678
Charles II is on the English throne – Feodor III is on the Russian throne – Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
Sarah Jennings (princess Anne’s best friend) marries the dashing John Churchill, who will go on to achieve fame as the victor in the wars against Louis XVI of France (and who was given the land to build Blenheim palace, named for the Battle of Blenheim)
1679
Charles II is on the English throne – Feodor III is on the Russian throne– Leopold I is on the throne as Holy Roman Emperor
Highclere Castle is built in Hampshire, England (where the British drama Downton Abbey will be filmed) (Photo: Highclere Castle in the year 2019, Credit: Wikimedia Commons)
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